Magnetism and electromagnetism
Energy
Renewable & Non-renewable Energy Resources
Non-renewable vs renewable energy resources, their reliability, environmental impacts, main uses, and UK trends driving the shift to renewables.
Energy Stores & Transfers
The 8 energy stores, 4 ways energy can be transferred, conservation of energy, useful vs wasted energy, and reducing wasted energy.
Key Energy Equations
Six core energy equations covering kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, specific heat capacity, work done, and efficiency, with worked examples.
Electricity
Series & Parallel Circuits
Series vs parallel circuit rules for current, voltage and resistance, plus electrical power and energy formulas with worked examples.
Circuit Components & I-V Graphs
I-V characteristics of ohmic conductors, filament lamps, and diodes, plus resistance behaviour of thermistors and LDRs.
Current, Voltage & Resistance
Circuit symbols, charge and current flow, potential difference and resistance equations, energy and charge, and resistance of a wire experiment.
Mains Electricity & the National Grid
A.C. vs D.C., the three-core cable, mains safety and fuse calculation, and how the National Grid uses transformers to transmit power efficiently.
Atomic structure
Radioactivity
Alpha, beta, gamma and neutron radiation types, radioactive decay equations, randomness, activity, count rate, and reading the half-life graph.
Radiation Hazards & Uses
Background radiation sources, irradiation vs contamination, effects on living tissue, precautions, and practical uses of alpha, beta and gamma radiation.
Nuclear Fission & Fusion
Nuclear fission and fusion reactions, chain reactions, the mass-energy relationship, and a comparison of fuels, by-products, conditions and current uses.
